In two Phase 3 trials, about 19–20% of selected participants reached the study-defined functional-cure endpoint; most did not, and functional cure is not sterilising eradication of HBV.
Adults with obesity or overweight and type 2 diabetes receiving the investigational 12 mg retatrutide dose lost an average 20.8% of body weight over 80 weeks in TRIUMPH-2.
The small-molecule GLP-1 receptor agonist safiglipron improved glucose control and reduced weight in the Phase 3 OUTSTAND-1 trial, without specific fasting or meal-timing restrictions.
The Phase 2b VIRAGE trial found an encouraging signal with VCN-01 plus chemotherapy, but the intention-to-treat overall-survival result was not statistically significant.
Insulin efsitora alfa-gobe (Onswik) is the second US-approved once-weekly basal insulin for adults with type 2 diabetes.
Juvmo (tavapadon), a once-daily selective D1/D5 dopamine-receptor partial agonist, has been approved for the treatment of Parkinson disease in adults.
Emcitate (tiratricol) is approved to treat peripheral thyrotoxicosis in people with MCT8 deficiency, a rare genetic disorder also called Allan-Herndon-Dudley syndrome.
The FDA has approved zilurgisertib for adults and children aged 12 years and older with fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva, an ultra-rare genetic disease that causes abnormal bone to form in muscles and other connective tissues. The oral drug reduced new abnormal bone formation in a small randomized trial, but it does not reverse bone that has already formed or prove that established disability can be restored.
The FDA has approved belzutifan plus lenvatinib for adults with advanced clear-cell kidney cancer after previous PD-1 or PD-L1 immunotherapy. In a randomized trial of 747 patients, the combination delayed cancer progression and produced more tumour responses than cabozantinib, although a statistically significant overall-survival benefit was not demonstrated.
The FDA has approved obinutuzumab for patients aged 2 years and older with frequently relapsing or steroid-dependent childhood-onset idiopathic nephrotic syndrome who are already in remission. In the randomized Phase 3 INShore trial, the B-cell-targeted treatment maintained remission more effectively than mycophenolate mofetil, but it also carries important immune-suppression risks.
The first randomized trial to test radiotherapy after complete removal of a WHO grade 2 atypical meningioma found substantially fewer tumour recurrences with immediate radiotherapy than with observation alone. The result addresses a treatment question that has remained uncertain for years, although radiotherapy still carries potential short- and long-term harms that must be weighed for each patient.
A large multicentre study published in Nature Medicine found that an AI system could identify many esophageal cancers — including some early cancers — on non-contrast chest CT scans. The technology could potentially extract additional cancer-screening information from scans already being performed, but it does not replace endoscopy and has not yet been shown to reduce cancer deaths.
